ABSTRACT
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) and Insulin Dependent Diabetes Mellitus (IDDM) are two common auto immune disorder occurring in children which can involve the renal system. The condition when occurs simultaneously in a child and its effects and follow up on the kidneys and its management have been mentioned here. A five-year-old girl was presented with low grade fever, dryness of mouth and bilateral pain over knee joints over four months. She had facial puffiness, mild bilateral pedal edema, and ascites on admission. She was treated immunosuppressive medications following a renal biopsy and insulin for IDDM
ABSTRACT
Objective: To study the correlation of cord blood nucleated red blood cell (NRBC)/100 white blood cell (WBC) count with perinatal asphyxia in terms of severity and short-term outcome. Material and methods: A prospective, comparative case-control study was undertaken in a tertiary care hospital from January 2011 to December 2012, which included a total of 200 neonates with 100 asphyxiated babies (case group) and 100 normal babies (control group). The cord blood was collected immediately after delivery for measurement of NRBC/100 WBC, and pH. Early neonatal outcome of both groups was also evaluated in relation to the NRBC/100 WBC count. Statistical analysis was performed with chi-square and student t-test. Results: The mean NRBC/100 WBC count was 50.82 ± 23.85 (range from 5 to 106) in case group and 1.67 ± 1.005 (range from 0 to 13) in control group (p < 0.001). Also a statistically significant correlation existed between severity of asphyxia (stage of hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy [HIE]), poor outcome and higher number of NRBC/100 WBC count (p < 0.001). Conclusion: It is an inexpensive and easily available procedure to evaluate perinatal asphyxia, specially in a resource poor country like ours, where blood gas analysis facilities are not available in majority of places. Also, it is a good predictor of short-term outcome of asphyxiated babies.